Immunology Research
Membrane proteins are the most successful class of therapeutic targets. Creative Biolabs has developed a comprehensive collection of membrane protein in vitro assays for drug discovery that cover most membrane protein targets.
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Membrane protein stable cell lines are widely used in many areas of biomedical research. Creative Biolabs can offer membrane protein stable cell lines to stablish in vitro models for High Throughput Screening.
Creative Biolabs' membrane preparations are useful for membrane protein research. We offer membrane preparations to study the role of membrane proteins in diseases. Membrane preparations from Creative Biolabs are quality-assured frozen membranes from cells expressing recombinant or natural receptors.
Creative Biolabs offers high-quality, innovative tools to help research groups accelerate membrane protein drug discovery. They can be found by targets. If there is no product that meets your needs, please contact us.
Immunology studies the immune system, which comprises cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from foreign invaders. Immunology research plays a vital role in understanding how the immune system works and how it can be used to treat or prevent diseases. For example, immunology research has led to the development of vaccines for diseases such as polio and measles. It has also helped us better understand autoimmune diseases like type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis. Immunology research is ongoing, and it is hoped that it will lead to even more breakthroughs in our understanding of the immune system and its role in human health.
Fig.1 The origins of diversity in the human immune system. (Adrian, & An 2018)
Autoimmune Diseases
Autoimmune diseases are heterogeneous disorders in which the immune system attacks healthy cells and tissues. While the exact cause of autoimmune diseases is unknown, they are thought to be triggered by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Membrane proteins play a critical role in the development and progression of autoimmune diseases by acting as targets for the immune system.
Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders (PIDs)
PIDs are clinically heterogeneous disorders arising from genetic defects in immunologically relevant genes. PIDs were once thought to be exclusively associated with recurrent infections. However, as our understanding of the complexity of cellular and signaling networks has grown, it has become increasingly apparent that the clinical consequences of mutations in PID genes extend well beyond susceptibility to infection with bacteria, viruses and opportunistic organisms.
Fig.2 Archetypal primary immunodeficiencies in the context of the classical immune response (Shields & Patel, 2017)
Membrane Proteins Associated with PIDs
Defects in membrane proteins can lead to impaired cell communication, resulting in an abnormal immune response. Some PIDs are caused by mutations in genes that encode membrane proteins. These mutations can cause the proteins to be less effective at performing their functions or completely non-functional. As a result, patients with PIDs may be more susceptible to infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Treatment for PIDs often involves replacing the defective protein with a functional version, which can be done through medication, infusions, or gene therapy. By targeting the defective membrane protein, doctors can help improve the immune system's function and reduce the risk of developing severe infections or other complications.
Membrane Proteins Associated with Autoimmune Diseases
Researchers have found that a membrane protein known as "LAX1" may play a role in these diseases. LAX1 is typically found on the surface of cells, where it helps to regulate the movement of water and other molecules. However, in autoimmune diseases, LAX1 is found inside cells, which acts as a target for the autoimmune response, suggesting that LAX1 may be involved in developing these diseases. Further research is needed to confirm this link and to determine how exactly LAX1 contributes to autoimmune disease. However, these discoveries provide new insights into the causes of these conditions and could lead to new treatments in the future.
References
- Adrian L.; An, G. The origins of diversity in human immunity. Nature Immunology. 2018, 19(3): 209-210.
- Shields A.M.; Patel S.Y. The primary immunodeficiency disorders. Medicine. 2017, 45(10): 597-604.
